Start with your data type
Continuous, ordinal or categorical outcome. That single answer removes most of the options before you consider anything else.
Then how many groups
One sample, two groups, or more than two. Paired or independent. These two questions plus the data type get you to a shortlist of three.
Check the assumptions before running it
Normality, equal variance, independence. Running the test first and checking after is how students end up reporting a result their data cannot support.
Report the effect size too
A p value tells you whether there is an effect. It does not tell you whether it matters. Markers increasingly want both.